Updated June 17, 2023
What Is the Full Form of CBI?
In this article, we will learn about the Full Form of CBI.
CBI stands for the Central Bureau of Investigation, an autonomous body operating under the Ministry of Personnel, Government of India.
History of CBI
CBI was initially established in the year 1941 under the name of Special Police Establishment (SPE) and renamed in 1963 by the Home Ministry of India. It is India’s most crucial Investigative agency. It is formed to investigate major Economic offenses, white-collar crimes, cases of bribery and corruption, or any other significant crime related to murder or terrorism which is of national or state Interested allotted on a case-to-case basis to the Central Bureau of Investigation by the government from time to time.
Time onwards, CBI enjoys the stature of having an impeccable track record and history of transparent investigation of cases, and it is evident from the fact that many cases of national interest are assigned to the Central Bureau of Investigation and the Agency delivered to its name.
Divisions Board Under CBI
The role of CBI is ever-widening, and currently, there are three broad divisions within which CBI operates, namely:
- Anti Corruption Division
- Special Crimes Division
- Economic Offences Division
Anti Corruption Division
The three divisions cater to specific types of cases; the Anti-Corruption Bureau looks after cases related to bribery and corruption by public servants. The department covered for the definition of Public Servant includes central and state government employees and Public sector undertakings where the Government of India holds majority shareholding. Employees of Public Sector Banks are also subject to the purview of the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) in cases related to bribery and corruption.
Special Crimes Division
The other division, Special Crimes, takes cognizance of crimes of national importance or is assigned to it on a request from the Supreme Court or State government. These can be high-profile murders, Rape Cases which rocked the whole nation.
Economic Offences Division
Lastly, Economic Offences Division investigates white-collar financial crimes and frauds, including crimes related to fake personification, cybercrime, etc.
Start of the Central Bureau of Investigation
Below are the explanations of the start of the Central Bureau of Investigation in Full Form of CBI:
The first Director of rechristened CBI in 1963 was Mr. D. P. Kohli, who became the first Director after it was named Central Bureau of Investigation from April 1963 to May 1968. He was among the only ones (The other being Mr. J.S. Bawa, who was Director of CBI from January 1980 to February 1985) to complete a five-year tenure at this prestigious institute of national relevance.
The powers to confiscate, arrest, etc., and other legal powers are conferred to CBI in exercising rights under the Delhi Special Police Establishment Act (DSPE), 1946.
The headquarters of CBI is located in the Capital city of India, i.e., New Delhi, in the CGO Complex near Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium. The Current Director of CBI is Mr. Rishi Kumar Shukla.
Structure of the Central Bureau of Investigation
The head of the Central Bureau of Investigation is the Director, an IPS officer equivalent to the Commissioner of State Police or Director General of Police. A committee comprising the Prime Minister of India, the Leader of the Opposition Political Party, and the Chief Justice of India appoints the Director of the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI). Together these three decide the Director of CBI. The Prime Minister of India acts as the Chairperson of the Committee. The Director of the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) appointment is initially for 2 years, with the possibility of extension and reappointment.
Functions of the Central Bureau of Investigation
Below are the five points that explain the functions of the Central Bureau of Investigation in Full Form of CBI:
- Investigate matters related to corruption and bribery by Public servants through misuse of power.
- Combat Cyber Crime and Economic Offences, which include Fraud, Smuggling, etc.
- Investigation and preparation of Charge Sheets of Crimes of National Interest or importance, such as Kidnapping, Rape, Extortion, Mass Killing, Encounters, etc.
- Act as the main agency for combating any National and Transnational Crimes
- Set benchmarks and standards for investigating matters and provide complete identity and safety to whistleblowers.
Impact of Central Bureau of Investigation
The central bureau of Investigation has many accolades for its long history. It has solved some of the most complex cases that shocked the nation. Noteworthy among them is the double murder case of Arushi Talwar and servant Hemraj Banjade in 2008, the Bhanwari Devi Murder Case, the Biggest fraud case in Indian History Satyam Computer Services owner B Ramalinga Raju, Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi Murder Case, Purulia Arms drop case and many more. The CBI has consistently taken a leading role in high-profile cases, with its dedicated and skilled officers ensuring the resolution of such complex cases and the revelation of the truth to the public.
The impact of the CBI is manifold, as people often refer to it to investigate complicated matters. Even in cases of conflict or disputes between political parties and between the Central Government and State Government, the common practice involves referring cases to the CBI for its impartial investigation and ability to deliver the best resolution to complicated matters.
Important Point to Note About CBI
Below are the explanations of the importance of the Central Bureau of Investigation in Full Form of CBI:
The Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) conducts investigations in cases authorized by the Central or State Government. In cases suggested by the Central government related to any State, the CBI requires prior permission/consent from the respective state. However, the exception to this rule is any case that the Supreme Court of High Court orders.
Conclusion – Full Form of CBI
The Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) is the premier investigation body established to eradicate corruption, bribery, and public servants’ misuse of government machinery for personal benefit. Over the years, the role has experienced significant enhancement, evident in the increasing number of cases referred to the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) by the Central Government, Supreme Court, High Court, and State Governments. CBI has handled many high-profile cases of national and international stature. Joining CBI is a matter of pride and service to nation-building, and young people can work hard to make a career in this esteemed institute and contribute to making India a corruption-free country.
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