Asp.Net MVC Interview Questions

Updated July 5, 2023

ASP.NET MVC Interview Questions and Answers

ASP.NET MVC interview questions and answers can help candidates further their preparation and stand out from other candidates.

ASP.NET MVC is a popular technology in the software development industry. As such, ASP.NET MVC offers high-paying job opportunities to developers. The average salary of an ASP.NET MVC developer is around $108,454 in the United States.

Furthermore, ASP.NET MVC is widely used in building applications and utilities across various domains. It is used to develop high-performance, scalable, robust web applications, content management systems, e-commerce websites, social media platforms, and more. With its ability to offer flexibility, customization, and control over web applications, ASP.NET MVC has become a preferred choice for developers and businesses alike.

Table of Contents

• Introduction
• NET MVC Interview Questions (Basic)
• NET MVC Interview Questions (Advanced)
• Final Thoughts
• Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
• Recommended Articles

Key Highlights

• ASP.NET MVC interview questions and answers can assist a candidate in preparing well for a technical interview.
• ASP.NET MVC is a web development framework for building web applications using the Model-View-Controller (MVC) architectural pattern.
• The interview topics for ASP.NET MVC include MVC fundamentals, Razor syntax, controller actions, routing, filters, and deployment.
• One important topic to prepare for is how to handle exceptions in an ASP.NET MVC application.
• Another topic to know is authentication and authorization in ASP.NET MVC, including how to implement role-based security.
• It’s essential to know the differences between ViewBag and ViewData, as well as how to use TempData to pass data between controller actions.

Part 1 – ASP.NET MVC Interview Questions (Basic)

Q1. What is ASP.NET MVC?

Answer:

ASP.NET MVC is a framework for building web applications using the Model-View-Controller architectural pattern.

The Model-View-Controller (MVC) pattern separates the application into three components:

• Model: represents the data and business logic.
• View: represents the user interface.
• Controller: handles user input and updates the model and view accordingly.

Q2. How does ASP.NET MVC differ from ASP.NET Web Forms?

Answer:

Points	ASP.NET MVC	ASP.NET Web Forms
Approach	Separates application logic into distinct layers and components	It uses a page-based approach where each page represents a discrete user interface element
User interface	Relies on HTML, CSS, and JavaScript for rendering	Provides a rich set of server-side controls for creating interactive web pages
Flexibility and Customizability	More flexible and customizable	Less flexible and customizable
Expertise and Effort Required	Requires more knowledge and effort to implement	Easier to implement

Q3. How do Model, View, and Controller communicate with each other in ASP.NET MVC?

Answer:

• The Controller receives input from the user, interacts with the model to retrieve data, and selects the view to display the data to the user.
• The model represents the data and business logic of the application, and it can communicate with the database or other data sources to retrieve or store data.
• The view is responsible for rendering the user interface, and it can receive data from the Controller to display to the user.
• The Controller acts as an intermediary between the Model and View, passing data between them as needed.
• The communication between these components is facilitated by a routing mechanism that maps incoming requests to the appropriate Controller and action method, which then interacts with the model and selects the appropriate view to render the response.

Q4. What is the difference between ViewBag and ViewData in ASP.NET MVC?

Answer:

Feature	ViewBag	ViewData
Definition	A dynamic property that is used to share data between the Controller and View.	A dictionary object is used to share data between the Controller and View.
Type of data stored	Dynamic	Object
Data accessibility	Data is accessible using the dynamic property syntax.	String-type keys are used to access data.
Data transfer	It transfers data from the Controller to the view.	It transfers data from the Controller to the view.
Data capacity	It can store a small amount of data.	It can store a small amount of data.
Data retention	Data is retained during the current HTTP request only.	Data is retained during the current HTTP request only.
Ease of use	It is easier to use than ViewData as it allows the use of the dynamic property syntax.	It is not as easy to use as ViewBag since it requires access keys.
Example syntax	ViewBag.Message = “Welcome to MVC”;	ViewData[“Message”] = “Welcome to MVC”;

Q5. What is the View engine, and what are its components?

Answer:

The view engine is a component in the ASP.NET MVC framework responsible for rendering HTML content and generating a response to the client. It uses a template-based approach to generate HTML output by combining data with markup.

The components of the view engine are:

• View: This is the actual template that defines the Layout and structure of the HTML output. It contains placeholders for data that will be populated at runtime.
• Model: This data will be used to populate the placeholders in the view. It can be a single object, a collection, or a data structure.
• Controller: This component retrieves the data from the model and passes it to the view. It manages the interaction between the model and the view and acts as a mediator between them.
• HTML Helper: This utility class simplifies the process of generating HTML content in the view. It provides methods for generating common HTML elements, such as input fields and buttons, and can be customized to meet specific requirements.

Part 2 – Asp.Net MVC Interview Questions (Advanced)

Q6. What is Layout in ASP.NET MVC?

Answer:

• A Layout in ASP.NET MVC is a template used to define the common structure or Layout of a web page.
• It allows for defining the common user interface elements, such as headers, footers, menus, and sidebars, in a single file that can be shared across multiple views.
• Layouts are created using a particular type of Razor view called a Layout view, typically named _Layout.cshtml or _Layout.vbhtml.
• Layout views contain a mix of standard HTML markup and Razor syntax and are defined using the @model directive followed by the Layout’s model type.
• For example, @model System.Web.Mvc.WebViewPage defines a layout view that can be used with any view that inherits from the WebViewPage class.
• The main advantage of Layout views is that they allow you to create a consistent look and feel across your entire website without duplicating the same markup in each view.

Example of Layout-

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>@ViewBag.Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<div id="header">
<!-- Header content goes here --></div>
<div id="content">
@RenderBody()
</div>
<div id="footer">
<!-- Footer content goes here -->
</div>
</body>
</html>

Q7. Explain filters with their sequence of working.

Answer:

In ASP.NET MVC, filters inject additional logic at various request-processing pipeline stages.

Authorization filters:

• These filters are used to check whether the user is authorized to access a resource or not.
• Authorization filters run first in the pipeline and are executed before the action method is called.
• If an authorization filter fails, the pipeline is stopped, and the user is redirected to the login page or an error page.

Action filters:

• These filters are executed before and after the execution of the action method.
• They are used to modify the action method’s arguments, modify the view result, or add additional logic to the action method.
• Action filters have four events: OnActionExecuting, OnActionExecuted, OnResultExecuting, and OnResultExecuted.

Result filters:

• These filters modify the view result before returning it to the user.
• The result filters run after the action method executes before the view is rendered.
• Result filters have two events: OnResultExecuting and OnResultExecuted.

Exception filters:

• These filters handle exceptions that occur during the request processing pipeline.
• Exception filters run when an unhandled exception occurs in the action method, action filters, or result filters.
• Exception filters have two events: OnException and OnResultExecuted.

The sequence of working filters is as follows:

• Authorization filters are executed first.
• Action filters execute before and after the action method executes.
• Result filters execute after the action method executes but before the view renders.
• Exception filters execute when an unhandled exception occurs in the action method, action filters, or result filters.

Q8. How can one implement AJAX in MVC?

Answer:

To implement AJAX in MVC, one can follow the below steps:

• Include jQuery library: Download and include the jQuery library in the application.
• Create an Action method: Create an action method that returns data in JSON format. This method will be called using AJAX.
• Create a View: Create a view with a button or any other control to trigger the AJAX request.
• Write AJAX code: Write an AJAX code that will call the action method and handle the response.
• Handle the response: Handle the response returned from the action method and update the view accordingly.

Q9. What are the steps for implementing an MVC project?

Answer:

The steps for implementing an MVC project are as follows:

Create a new project: Open Visual Studio and create a new project. Select the ASP.NET Web Application (.NET Framework) template and choose MVC as the project type.

• Choose a project template.
• Add controllers
• Add views
• Define models
• Configure routing
• Build the application
• Test the application
• Publish the application

Q10. Explain navigation from one view to another view in MVC.

Answer:

The steps for navigation are as follows:

• Define an Action method in a Controller that will be used for navigating to the desired view.
• Create a link or a button in the current view that will trigger the Action method when clicked.
• Use the HTML helper method, such as Html.ActionLink(), to create a link to the Action method in the view.
• Specify the name of the Action method and the Controller that contains it in the HTML helper method.
• Pass any necessary parameters to the Action method, such as an ID or a search string.
• Define the Action method to return a View or a RedirectToAction result that will navigate to the desired view.
• Use the return View() method to navigate to a view corresponding to the Action method or the RedirectToAction() method to navigate to a different Action method in the same or a separate Controller.
• Use the TempData[] dictionary to pass data between the Action methods during navigation.
• Display the data in the new view using the @Model or ViewBag object.

Final Thoughts

Preparing for an ASP.NET MVC interview requires a strong understanding of MVC architecture, web development concepts, .NET frameworks and libraries, and database technologies. Interview questions can vary depending on the position level and the interviewer’s preferences, but common topics include MVC architecture and design patterns, routing, data access, security, and testing. Reviewing these crucial topics and practicing your responses to common interview questions makes you feel more confident and well-prepared for an ASP.NET MVC interview.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

1. How to prepare for an ASP.NET MVC interview?

Answer: To prepare for an ASP.NET MVC interview, one can start by reviewing the basics of MVC architecture, including the Model, View, and Controller components. Additionally, one should be comfortable with Visual Studio and have experience working with C#. Conducting mock interviews and practicing using ASP.NET MVC interview questions can help one perform well in an actual interview.

2. What are the interview questions for ASP.NET MVC?

Answer: Interview questions for ASP.NET MVC can vary depending on the position level and the interviewer’s preferences. However, common questions might include asking about one’s experience with MVC architecture and design patterns, one’s familiarity with .NET frameworks and libraries, and one’s experience working with front-end technologies like HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. The candidate may also have to demonstrate their understanding of database design and querying using SQL Server.

3. What are the essential topics of ASP.NET MVC?

Answer: Important topics of ASP.NET MVC include the architecture and design patterns of the Model, View, and Controller components, routing, data access, security, and testing.

4. What is the routing in MVC?

Answer: Routing in MVC is the process of mapping incoming requests to the appropriate controller action. It involves defining a set of rules, or routes, that determine how URLs are translated into controller actions. The routing engine in ASP.NET MVC examines each incoming request and matches it to a controller action based on the defined routes. Routing is a critical component of the MVC architecture, as it allows the application to respond to user requests in a structured and predictable way.

5. What are the three types of routing?

Answer: The three types of routing in ASP.NET MVC are convention-based routing, attribute routing, and custom routing.

• Convention-based routing is the default routing method in MVC and is based on a set of naming conventions for controllers and actions.
• Attribute routing allows developers to define routes using attributes on the controller or action methods.
• Custom routing provides the most flexibility, as developers can define their custom routing logic using a class that implements the IRouteHandler interface.

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