Updated May 5, 2023
Difference between Black box vs White box vs Gray box testing
Basically black box testing is used to do the functional testing of an application. In this type of testing, the tester can perform the testing without knowledge of the application; it is also known as functional testing. In this white box testing, we can complete the internal testing, which means we can check data structure, architecture, and logic at the development level. Gray box testing is a combination of black and white box testing used for the web-based application.
What is black box testing?
It is one type of software testing that is used to perform functional testing or Software testing in which the software’s functionality is unknown is known as black box testing. The products themselves are not involved in the testing process. Functional testing is yet another name for it. Software’s behavior and attributes on the outside are the focus of black-box testing. From a user’s perspective, this testing examines an application’s software’s expected behavior.
What is white box testing?
White-box testing, which is also referred to as glass-box testing, involves testing software using an understanding of its internal data structures, physical logic flow, and architecture at the source code level. By considering testing from the developer’s perspective, this testing works. This type of testing is known by several names, including clear box testing, structural testing, non-functional testing, and glass box testing. It provides a high level of granularity to the tester; basically, it is done by the developers.
What is gray box testing?
Gray box testing is another type of software testing; typically, Gray Box Testing combines the Black Box Testing method and the White Box Testing method. The inputs and outputs of a program are used in gray-box testing, but information about the code is used to test the test design. Because it takes into account interoperability requirements and a high-level design environment, gray-box testing is ideal for testing web applications.
Black box vs White box vs Gray box Comparison Table
| Black box | White box |
Grey Box |
| This type of testing tester does not require coding knowledge; here, we only needed GUI for test case execution. | In this type of testing, the tester must have coding-level knowledge to conduct unit testing. | In this type of testing, the tester must know the internal structure. |
| The other name for black box testing is functional and data-driven testing. | Structural testing is another name for white box testing, as well as it, has so many other names, such as clear box, code base, and transparent testing. | Translucent testing is another name for gray box testing, and in this type, the tester has less coding knowledge. |
| In black box testing, we apply the error-guessing approach, which means the tester does not require internal coding knowledge. | In the white box, we verify the functionality and the tester requires internal coding knowledge. | This type of tester has coding knowledge; then he can do the validation testing as well as it can verify the internal boundaries of the application. |
| Black box testing consumes a considerable amount of space. | In white box testing, it takes less amount of space as compared to the black box. | Tables for inputs have a smaller testing space than Black Box and White Box testing, which are inputs used to create test cases. |
| In black box testing, it is tough to identify the hidden errors due lack of internal knowledge. | In white testing, it is a sample as compared with black box testing; here, we can quickly identify the hidden error easily. | Here we can quickly identify the hidden error at the user level of testing. |
| In the black box testing, we are not considering algorithms for testing. | In white box testing, we can use algorithms for testing and make it easy. | We do not consider algorithms for testing in grey box testing. |
| It requires more time than others because it depends on the functional specification of the application. | In white, testing requires more time because it takes time to write the code. | Test case designing is simple in the gray box so that we can do it quickly. |
| Testing can include the developer, the tester, and the end user. | Developers and testers can only do testing; The final user cannot participate. | Testing can include the developer, the tester, and the end user. |
| It takes the shortest amount of time to complete all of the testing procedures. | The testing process takes the most time out of all of them. | Shorter duration than White Box testing |
| Black Box testing focuses on viral attack resilience and security. | White Box testing does not cover viral attack resilience or security. | Grey Box testing does not cover viral attack security and resilience. |
| This testing is based on unknown internal behavior and external expectations. | Coding, which is in charge of internal operations, is the foundation of this testing. | Testing using dataflow and high-level database diagrams. |
| White Box and Grey Box testing methods are more thorough. | It is the most comprehensive compared to the Black Box and Grey Box testing methods. | Partially complete, depending on whether the test cases are based on coding or a GUI. |
| It has a low-level granularity | It has a medium-level granularity | Gray box testing has a high-level granularity |
| It is suitable for functional as well as business testing. | Significantly, it is also suitable for business and functional testing. | It applies to all. |
Conclusion
This article gives us a basic idea about the testing types, such as black, white, and gray box testing. This article also got the most important basic and higher level difference between the black, white, and gray box testing. The black box is based on the external part of the application, and the gray box is based on the internal part of the application, which is a database gray box that combines both.
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