Natural Disasters Essay – Introduction
Natural disasters are powerful and dangerous events that are caused by nature. Disasters happen suddenly with little or no warning and cause severe damage to people, property, and the entire environment. It can be earthquakes, hurricanes, floods, tsunamis, and volcanic eruptions. This essay will further elaborate in detail on natural disasters.
Today, natural disasters are becoming increasingly common. According to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the number of disasters in the United States has tripled since the 1960s. It can be because of climate change, population growth, and urbanization. And as the Earth’s climate becomes warmer, such natural disasters will become more common.
There are three levels of natural disasters: small, medium, and large-scale. The events that do not cause too much harm in the world are small-scale, like lightning, storms, etc. Medium Scale disasters are riskier and more harmful than small-scale disasters, like blizzards or landslides. Meanwhile, professionals who write papers for money often analyze the impact of large-scale disasters, which cause significant environmental damage, including tsunamis, wildfires, etc. The disasters that cause too much environmental damage, such as tsunamis, wildfires, etc., are large-scale disasters.
This natural disasters essay will talk about the types of natural disasters as well their causes and impacts.
List of Natural Disasters
Some common natural disasters, along with their nature of impact and consequences, are provided in the table below:
| List | Nature of Event | Consequences |
| Earthquake | Shakes the ground and can collapse buildings | Injuries, loss of life |
| Hurricane | Big storms with strong winds and heavy rain | Flooding, destruction of homes |
| Flood | Too much water causes damage to homes and roads | Property damage, displacement |
| Wildfire | Spreads quickly and destroys everything in its path | Destruction of vegetation, property |
| Tsunami | Giant waves that flood coastal areas | Flooding, destruction of infrastructure |
| Volcanic Eruption | Releases lava, ash, and gasses damaging surrounding areas | Property damage, respiratory problems |
Types of Natural Disasters
There are different ways that natural disasters can happen. Some of the types are as follows,
Internal: It includes all the disasters that happen when there are some changes under the earth’s surface. These include earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions, etc. We cannot easily predict these events.
External: It is when there is a disturbance above the earth’s surface. It is generally because of us humans who change the environment. These are usually landslides, floods, etc.
Temperature: When the temperature of the air or ocean changes, it can cause disasters like tornadoes and hurricanes. Even drought and glacier melt occurs because of the change in temperature of the environment.
Biological: These disasters occur because of viruses and bacteria that cause harmful diseases that can kill people. For instance, COVID-19, Ebola virus, etc., are some examples.
Causes of Natural Disasters
There are different causes for each natural disaster.
- Too much rain can overfill the dams and flood a large area near the dam. It can cause damage to nearby buildings and homes.
- When a storm forms over the ocean due to warm water, it is known as a Hurricane. There are also strong winds that can push the ocean water to the seashore and cause floods.
- Tornadoes form when two different air temperatures clash, i.e., damp air from the ground collides with dry air from above. It creates a spiral of air that can be very powerful.
- When two pieces of the Earth’s crust move against each other, it creates vibrations that we can feel on the ground. As these vibrations are too strong, they can cause buildings to fall and cause damage.
- Volcanoes are mountains that release hot gasses, ash, and lava from below the earth’s surface to the above ground.
Natural Disasters Effects
Natural disasters can have long-term impacts, including economic and social disruption, displacement, and health problems. The severity of the disaster depends on factors such as the event’s intensity, location, and effectiveness of the disaster management system.
Material and financial loss, social unrest, and political instability are common impacts of natural disasters. Homelessness and a lack of access to basic necessities can occur after a natural disaster, leading to social disruption and decreased economic activity.
Emotional and psychological damage, as well as long-term health problems, can result from natural disasters. Air pollution can cause respiratory problems, and trauma and stress can lead to mental health issues.
Natural disasters can also impact the environment, causing soil erosion, water pollution, and a decrease in biodiversity. These impacts can have long-term consequences and require efforts for recovery and rebuilding.
Natural Disaster Management
It’s really important to be ready for natural disasters and keep ourselves safe. Countries that are ready to face natural disasters have to suffer less damage. So, governments should have disaster management policies for prevention, response, and recovery. Here are a few precautions we can take for some common natural disasters:
Earthquake Preparedness
- Building strong structures so they don’t break during earthquakes.
- Creating early warning systems that can alert people before an earthquake happens.
- Educating people about the dangers of earthquakes and what to do when they happen.
Hurricane Preparedness
- Developing evacuation plans and identifying safe locations to stay during a hurricane.
- Establishing systems to provide early warnings and updates on approaching hurricanes.
- Ensuring proper drainage systems to mitigate flooding caused by heavy rain during hurricanes.
Flood Preparedness
- Implementing measures to manage water flow and prevent flooding.
- Educating individuals on flood risks and providing guidance on evacuation procedures.
- Creating emergency response plans to provide immediate assistance during and after a flood.
Wildfire Preparedness
- Promoting fire safety practices and educating individuals on the prevention of wildfires.
- Clearing dry leaves and vegetation around homes to reduce fire risks.
- Cooperating with firefighting agencies and having evacuation plans in place during wildfire emergencies.
Tsunami Preparedness
- Raising awareness about tsunamis and educating coastal communities on evacuation routes.
- Establishing warning systems near coastal areas to provide early alerts for tsunamis.
- Conducting drills and exercises to ensure that individuals know how to respond to a tsunami.
Volcano Preparedness
- Monitoring volcanic activities and studying eruption patterns to predict volcanic eruptions.
- Establishing communication systems to disseminate timely warnings about volcanic eruptions.
- Collaborating with scientists and experts to develop evacuation plans and safe zones during volcanic emergencies.
Overall Disaster Management
Individuals should develop personal emergency plans and be aware of the risks of different types of disasters. Governments and individuals can be better prepared to respond to natural disasters by having emergency plans. Thus, taking these precautions can lower the risk of disasters and protect ourselves and our communities.
Conclusion – Natural Disasters Essay
Natural disasters can cause immense destruction, pain, and loss of life. So, to lessen the impacts of these disasters, taking disaster management measures is necessary.
