Rust vs Python

Updated June 2, 2023

Difference between Rust vs Python

The comparison between Rust vs Python of most loved programming language and general-purpose programming language, will not be easy, but you would love to do the same. The syntax of Rust is similar to C++, and it was developed for proper concurrency. Graydon Hoare developed Rust in July 2010. The memory layout is impressive in Rust. Higher performance is also guaranteed in Rust. The high-level programming language Guido van Rossum developed Python in 1991. Python’s simple-to-learn syntax makes users use it even for high-end applications. Many programmers use Python, a high-level programming language that supports multiple paradigms. It serves as a procedural, object-oriented, and functional language.

What is Rust?

Rust was developed from C++ with safe scripts in 2010. The language is open source. Rust has a high-performance graph when compared with C++ or C language. Rust has many curly brackets, and indentation is not necessary at all. Memory management is done through the RAII convention in Rust. The Rust compiler determines the type of variable, argument, or function based on the context or syntax in which it appears. Rust removed the typestate feature, but developers can still achieve similar functionality by using a branding pattern.

There is a Builder pattern in Rust that allows describing the current state of an object into the type of that object. Rust does not have defined classes but works with type structures and implementations. Rust underwent numerous changes during its version updates. This reason made Rust less popular among developers. Inheritance and polymorphism are supported in Rust. There is no automated garbage collection in Rust. Safe Rust and unsafe Rust makes users select Rust language programming for their development to be on the safer side.

fn main () {
println! ("Hello World!");
}

println! is the macro in this program.

What is Python?

Python is an easy-to-use programming language developed in 2010. The syntax and the indentations make it easy for beginners. Many call Python a communicative language that is like a conversation between two people. Windows, Linux, Mac, and many other platforms use Python. Python’s extensive libraries make coding easier. People use Python for web development as well. The program can be written in the Integrated Development Environment (IDE) when there is a larger collection of Python files. Python has an influence from mathematics that makes it compatible to use for machine learning and data science. Tensor flow programs are also written in Python.

Indentations are used instead of curly brackets in Python. It is an open-source programming language. With each new version release, Python adds new features and utilizes the just-in-time compiler PyPy to speed up program compilation. When we say code is Pythonic, the code is easy to understand and known for its readability. Expressions of Python can be of itself or C and Java. Python has concepts of OOPS, and it uses classes. Numpy library is used in Python for its mathematical programming. Python libraries offer numerous applications, such as processing images, performing mathematical calculations, documenting information, developing websites, and more. Developers have created Rust Python, an interpreter for Python that uses the Rust programming language and several others.

print ("Hello World")

Print output in Python.

Head to Head Comparison between Rust vs Python (Infographics)

Below is the top 21 comparison between Rust vs Python:

Key Differences Between Rust vs Python

Let us discuss some of the major key differences between Rust vs Python:

• While Rust is called a safe and concurrent programming language, Python is called a powerful general-purpose programming language.
• Rust is relatively new when compared to Python. Rust was developed in 2010, while Python was in 1991.
• Python syntax is easy to learn, while Rust is a bit complicated.
• Rust has a statically typed language, while Python is dynamically typed.
• Rust has built-in macros, while Python does not have built-in macros.
• We cannot write Rust code on multiple platforms, while we can call Python a cross-platform.
• The developers coded the Rust compiler using OCaml, and Python uses an interpreter instead of a compiler.
• Rust supports procedural, object-oriented concepts, while Python is a procedural, functional, and object-oriented language.
• We have many libraries in Python, while in Rust, we do not have much.
• Memory safety is so good in Rust, but in Python, it is not.

Comparison Table of Rust vs Python

The table below summarizes the comparisons betweenRust vs Python:

Sr. no	Rust	Python
1	Rust syntax is complicated.	Python syntax is easy.
2	Rust uses many curly brackets.	Python uses indentations instead of curly brackets.
3	Rust does not use classes.	Python has classes.
4	Rust does not have an automatic garbage collector.	Python has an automatic garbage collector.
5	Rust uses its structural types for error handling.	Python uses exception handling for error handling.
6	Rust’s threading features are easy to understand.	Python’s threading features are not easy.
7	Only after learning Rust properly one can attempt to do Rust programming	Python programming can be started right away.
8	Compiler in Rust helps to solve the program by giving suggestions	Python compiler shows an error if there is an error in Python.
9	Memory management is efficient.	Memory management is not efficient when compared to Rust.
10	Rust is statically typed.	Python is dynamically typed.
11	Rust is faster.	Python is not that fast.
12	Rust takes minimal runtime to do safety checks and data traces	Python takes significant runtime for the program.
13	Rust has macros around the format macro.	Python does not have macros installed in the program
14	Rust code is complicated.	Python code is similar to pseudo-code.
15	Rust program has .rs extension.	Python program has a .py extension.
16	Rust is a compiled language.	Python has interpreted the language.
17	Concurrency makes Rust a lovable language.	The easy syntax makes Python a popular language.
18	The Machine Learning and Data Science industries do not commonly use Rust.	Python finds extensive usage in Machine Learning and Data Science projects due to its extensive libraries.
19	Rust packages are called Crate.	There is no specific name for Python packages.
20	C/C++ is the language in which Rust is written, and the compiler is implemented in OCaml.	Python is written in C language.
21	String processing is faster in Rust.	String processing is slow in Python.

Conclusion

While some features are common in both languages, syntax becomes complex in Rust language, and compilation becomes slow in Python language. Python is good for beginners due to its easy syntax. Rust makes the users love it because of its compiler and logicality. In short, both languages are good andy will survive in the market for a long.