Updated March 17, 2023
Introduction to Star Patterns in PHP
In this tutorial, we will be learning how to implement star patterns in PHP. Printing different patterns in PHP is simple and easy to learn. And it would be good to have knowledge in other programming languages like C or C++. We can print pyramid triangle patterns, star patterns, number patterns, etc. We will be learning them in this tutorial, out of many different patterns. We use for loop to print these patterns. We can use the for each loop also and nested for loop to print these patterns. In these nested loops, we will be using an outer loop and inner loop to print the stars for one particular pattern.
Examples of Star Patterns in PHP
Below are the 6 examples of Star Patterns in PHP:
- This is a simple star pattern in PHP. We will be using two loops, outer and inner loop. The outer loop is for rows and the inner loop is for columns. The outer for loop with a value of I iterate 5 times starting from 0 and ending with value 5 as we want five rows. The outer for loop represents rows of the pattern.
- Next, the inner for loop also iterate 5 times starting from 0 and ends with a value less than the value of 5. The inner for loop represents columns of the pattern.
- As per the syntax of for loop, the outer loop begins with 0, checks the condition whether it is less than 5 if yes, it will go inside the loop. Inside the for loop is, again a for loop for columns, where the variable j is initialized to 0 and this loop will print stars(*) in the first row, and will loop till the condition $j< 5 is satisfied.
- After $j value is greater than 5 the control will come out of the loop and the cursor will come in the next line. Now the value of i is incremented by 1, which means the value is 2 and again the j for loop will loop 5 times and print the 5 stars.
- This will repeat 5 times until the value of i is greater than 5. Once the value is greater than 5 the program will stop executing and the desired output is printed.
Example #1
Code:
<?php
//example to demonstrate star pattern-1
for($i=0; $i<5; $i++) {
for($j=0; $j<5; $j++)
{
echo '*';
}
echo '<br>';
}
?>Output:
Example #2
In this example, the i for loop iterates 5 times and for each value of i, the inner j for loop will iterate and print as star *. The j for loop is used to print the stars. For the initial value of i as 1, one star will be printed. Next for the value of 2, two stars in one row will be printed, again for the value of 3, three stars will be printed and this will continue till the value is not greater than 5.
Code:
<?php
//example to demonstrate star pattern-2
for($i=1; $i<=5; $i++) {
for($j=1; $j<=$i; $j++)
{
echo '*';
}
echo '<br>';
}
?>Output:
Example #3
In this example, the i for loop will loop 5 times as we want 5 rows. The j for loop is used to print * depending upon the value of i. For the first time as we want 5 stars in the first row, so for the first value of i as 1, the j loop will print 5 stars. Next for the value of 2, the j loop will print 4 stars, for the next value 3, the j loop will print 3 times and so on. This will stop once the condition of i is greater than 5 and will print the desired output.
Code:
<?php
//example to demonstrate star pattern-3
for($i=1; $i<=5; $i++) {
for($j=5; $j>=$i; $j--)
{
echo '*';
}
echo '<br>';
}
?>Output:
Example #4
In this example, the value I for loop is iterated 5 times, as the number of rows in the star pattern is 5. Also in this example, we are using j for loop to print spaces and a new k for loop is used to print stars *.
Code:
<?php
//example to demonstrate star pattern-4
for($i=1; $i<=5; $i++) {
for($j=4; $j>=$i; $j--) //loop to print spaces
{
echo ' ';
}
for($k=1; $k<=$i; $k++) //loop to print stars
{
echo '*';
}
echo '<br>';
}
?>Output:
Example #5
In this example, three loops are used, one for the number of rows, second for the printing of spaces and third to print the stars. Both the loops defined are dependent on the value of i.
Code:
<?php
//example to demonstrate star pattern-5
for($i=1; $i<=6; $i++) {
for($j=1; $j<=$i; $j++) //loop to print spaces
{
echo ' ';
}
for($k=5; $k>=$i; $k--) //loop to print stars
{
echo '*';
}
echo '<br>';
}
?>Output:
Example #6
In this example, there is a combination of two stars patterns upper triangle and lower triangle. These triangles are already explained in the previous examples and for this, we use three loops, one for the number of rows, second for the printing of spaces and third for the printing of stars and this loop is repeated again with different initial values of i and j along with different conditions for the next half of the triangle pattern.
Code:
<?php
//example to demonstrate star pattern-5
// this loop prints the upper half of the star pattern
for($i=1; $i<=5; $i++) {
for($j=1; $j<=$i; $j++) //loop to print spaces
{
echo '*';
}
echo '<br>';
}
// this loop prints the lower half of the pattern
for($i=1; $i<=5; $i++) {
for($j=4; $j>=$i; $j--) //loop to print stars
{
echo '*';
}
echo '<br>';
}
?>Output:
Conclusion
In this article, star patterns in PHP are explained. We have seen different forms of star patterns. These patterns are with an explanation of how the condition works, how the looping works to print the stars as desired.
Recommended Articles
This is a guide to Star Patterns in PHP. Here we discuss the basic introduction, examples of Star Patterns in PHP with code and outputs respectively. You can also go through our other related articles to learn more –
