Updated June 29, 2023
Introduction to Swift Operators
An operator is a symbol that helps to perform various logical and mathematical computations. Swift supports most of the standard C operators.
They are classified into three types:
- Unary operators: These operators operate on a single operand only. For example, increment operator.
- Binary operators: These operators operate on two operands. For example, the addition operator.
- Ternary operators: These operators operate on three operands. For example, a ? b: c.
Swift Operators
Different operators present in swift are as follows:
- Arithmetic Operator
- Logical Operator
- Assignment Operator
- Comparison Operator
- Bitwise Operator
- Range Operator
- Miscellaneous Operator
Now let us see each type of operator in detail:
1. Swift Arithmetic Operators
These operators are used to perform mathematical calculations on the operands.
|
Operator |
Symbol | Explanation |
Format |
| Addition |
+ |
Adds given two operands |
x + y |
| Subtraction |
– |
Subtracts the right operand from the left one. |
x – y |
| Multiplication |
* |
Multiplies two operands |
x * y
|
| Division |
/ |
Divides the numerator by the denominator |
x / y
|
| Modulus |
% |
Returns the remainder after performing division |
x % y |
Example:
print(5 + 2)
print(5 - 2)
print(5 * 2)
print(5 / 2)
print(5 % 2)Output:
7
3
10
2
1
2. Swift Logical Operator
These operators return Boolean values taking Boolean values as input.
| Operator | Symbol | Explanation | Format |
| Logical AND | && | Returns true if all expressions are true; else return false | x && y |
| Logical OR | || | Returns false if all expressions are false; else return true | x || y |
| Logical NOT | ! | Inverses the input, i.e. return true for false and vice versa | !x |
Example:
print(true && true)
print(true && false)
print(true || false)
print(false || false)
print(! false)Output:
true
false
true
false
true
3. Swift Assignment Operator
These operators are used to assign values to a variable.
| Operator | Symbol | Explanation | Format |
| Assignment | = | Assigns a value of right operand to the left operand | x = y |
| Addition | += | Adds two operands and then assigns a value to the left operand | x += y |
| Subtraction | -= | Subtracts right operand from left operand and then assigns the value to left operand | x -= y |
| Multiplication | *= | Multiplies two operands and then assigns a value to the left operand | x *= y |
| Division | /= | Divides the numerator by denominator and then assigns a value to the left operand | x /= y |
| Modulus | %= | Returns remainder after division and then assigns a value to left operand | x %= y |
| Bitwise AND | &= | Compares the binary value of two operands, return 1 if both operands are 1 else return 0 and assign a value to the left operand | x &= y |
| Bitwise OR | |= | Compares the binary value of two operands, return 0 if both operands are 0 else return 1 and assign the value to the left operand | x |= y |
| Bitwise XOR | ^= | Compares the binary value of two operands, return 0 if both operands are same else return 1 and assign a value to the left operand | x ^= y |
| Left Shift | <<= | Shifts the bits towards the left and assign the result to the left operand | x <<= 2 |
| Right Shift | >>= | Shifts the bits towards the right and assign the result to the left operand | x >>= 2 |
Example:
let a = 5
print (a)
var x = 6
print(x += 3)
print(x -= 3)
print(x *= 3)
print(x /= 3)
print(x %= 3)
print(x &= 3)
print(x |= 3)
print(x ^= 3)
print(x <<= 2)
print(x >>= 2)Output:
5
9
3
18
2
0
2
7
5
8
1
4. Swift Comparison Operator
These operators help to compare two values and return Boolean values as output.
| Operator | Symbol | Explanation | Format |
| Equal to | == | Returns true if both operands are equal else return false | x == y |
| Not Equal to | != | Returns true if both operands are not equal; else return false | x != y |
| Greater than | > | Returns true if the left operand is greater than right; else return false | x > y |
| Less than | < | Returns true if the left operand is smaller than right; else return false | x < y |
| Greater than or equal to | >= | Returns true if the left operand is greater than or equal to the right; else return false | x >= y |
| Less than or equal to | <= | Returns true if the left operand is smaller than or equal to the right; else return false | x <= y |
Example:
print(5 == 2)
print(5 != 2)
print(5 > 2)
print(5 < 2)
print (5 >= 5)
print (5 <= 2)Output:
false
true
true
true
true
false
5. Swift Bitwise Operator
| Operator | Symbol | Explanation | Format |
| Binary AND | & | Check the operands bitwise and return 1 if both bits are 1; else return 0 | x & y |
| Binary OR | | | Check the operands bitwise and return 0 if both bits are 0; else return 1 | x | y |
| Binary XOR | ^ | Check the operands bitwise and return 0 if both bits are the same; else return 1 | x ^ y |
| Binary NOT | ~ | Returns ones complement, i.e. changes 1 to 0 and vice versa |
~x
|
| Binary Left Shift | << | Bits of the left operand is shifted left side by the number of bits mentioned by the right operand | x << 4 |
| Binary Right Shift | >> | Bits of the left operand is shifted right side by the number of bits mentioned by the right operand | x >> 4 |
Example:
var a = 8
var b = 7
print(a & b)
print(a | b)
print(a ^ b)
print(~ b)
print(a << 2)
print(a >> 2)Output:
0
15
15
8
0
2
6. Swift Range Operators
These operators are used as shortcuts to express the range of values.
| Operator | Symbol | Explanation | Format |
| Closed Range | (a…b) | It defines a range from a to b, both included | 1…5 |
| Half – Open Range | (a..<b) | It defines the range from a to b; an included while b excluded | 1..<5 |
| One-sided Range |
a… ..a |
It defines the range from a to end of elements or from start to a |
1… …2 |
Example:
for i in 1...4 {
print(i)}
for j in 1. . <4 {
print(j) }
let range = ..<4
print(range.contains(2))Output:
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
true
7. Swift Miscellaneous Operators
| Operator | Symbol | Explanation | Format |
| Unary Plus | + | This toggles the sign of the numeric value to plus | +5 |
| Unary Minus | – | This toggles the sign of the numeric value to minus. | -6 |
| Ternary condition | ? : | Used to check a condition and then give output accordingly | Condition? a: b |
Example:
var a = -3
print(+a)
print(-a)
let b = (6==6) ? “True”: “false”
print(b)Output:
-3
3
True
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